Answer: Alkali metals dissolve in liquid ammonia and give deep blue solutions which are conducting in nature because ammoniated electrons absorb energy in the visible region of light and impart blue colour. Answer: (a) The unusual properties of lithium as compared to other alkali metals is due to its exceptionally small size of atom and its ion and its high polarising power. (a) Na < K < Rb < Cs < Li (b) K < Na < Rb < Cs < Li Most hydroxides (OH -) are insoluble. Explain why can alkali and alkaline earth metals not be obtained by chemical reduction method. (a) 2. (d). Question 14. (iii) Since the size of Li+ ion is very small in comparison to K+ ion, it polarises the electron cloud of I– ion to a great extent. Question 21. the alkali metals with those of alkaline earth metals (a) nitrates (b) carbonates (c) sulphates. (c) It is because reduction potential depends upon sublimation energy, ionisation energy and hydration energy. (b) When is a cation highly polarising? Alkali metals have low ionization enthalpies. In fact, these metals can precipitate from their salt solutions as carbonates.Nitrates: Thermal stabilityNitrates of alkali metals,except LiNO3, decompose on strong heating forming nitrites and oxygen. Essentially, all alkali metal (Li +, Na +, K +, Rb +, Cs +) and ammonium (NH 4 +) salts are soluble. Reactivity of halogen towards particular alkali metal follows the order F 2 > Cl 2 > Br 2 > I 2 ... Alkali metal nitrates (MNO 3) decompose on strong heating to corresponding nitrite and O 2 ... as corresponding slats of other alkali metals are freely soluble vi) Li form imide ( LiNH) with ammonia while other alkali metals form amides ( MNH 2) Answer: (a) Na2CO3 is a salt of a weak acid, carbonic acid (H2CO3) and a strong base NaOH. (c) Lithium on being heated in air mainly forms the monoxide and not the peroxide. Answer: All the compounds are crystalline solids and their solubility in water is guided by both lattice enthalpy and hydration enthalpy. Answer:  Be and Mg. What is the general name for elements of group 1 ? . Sodium Nitrate. The oxide of which of the following metals is amphoteric? Question 2. Lead and Silver rule 1. 2M(NO 3) 2 → 2MO + 4 NO 2 + O 2. 'Promising Young Woman' film called #MeToo thriller. (a) Nitrates (b) Carbonates (c) Sulphates Answer: (a) Nitrates of both group 1 and group 2 elements are soluble in water because hydration energy is more than the lattice energy. (b) 2KO2 + 2H2O ———-> 2K0H + O2+ H2O2 Alkali metals exhibit +1 oxidation states in their compounds. When heated to 800°C, NaN03 gives However, in case of corresponding magnesium and calcium compounds, the cations have smaller sizes and more magnitude of positive charge. Hydrides as well as halides of alkaline earth metals tend to polymerize Why do alkali metals give characteristic flame colouration? Answer:  Sodium peroxide is formed. Nitrates , carbonates and sulphates of Alkali metals are soluble in water . Give the chemical formula of Epsom salt. No common ones. You can disable footer widget area in theme options - footer options, NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Chemistry Chapter 10 The s-Block Elements, NCERT Class 11 Chemistry Textbook Solved Questions, NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Chemistry Chapter 10 Very Short Answer Type Questions, NCERT Solutions for Class 11 Chemistry Chapter 10 Short Answer Type Questions, Question 1. (ii) Sodium hydroxide is manufactured by electrolysis of an aqueous solution of NaCl (brine) in Castner-Kellner cell. Question 4. Answer: Question 13. Question 3. From Li to Cs, due to larger ion size, hydration enthalpy decreases. Question 30. CaO + CO 2 ↑ The thermal stability of carbonates of alkaline earth metals increase down the group. (i) NaHCO3 (ii) NaOH (b) What happens when alkali metals are dissolved in ammonia? Other solubility tables can be seen via this solubility table search. (a) a solution of Na2CO3 is alkaline? They are thermally stable. All alkali metals hydroxides are soluble in water. The exceptions are the alkali metal hydroxides and Ba(OH) 2. (b) Lithium cannot be used in making photoelectric cells because out of all the alkali metals it has highest ionization energy and thus cannot emit electrons when exposed to light. Answer: The low solubility of LiF in water is due to its very high lattice enthalpy (F–  ion is very small in size). However, most of the NH3 molecules remain as NH3. In the Solvay process Which of the following is the least thermally stable? Question 23. Answer: (d) BaCO3. Alkali metal and nitrate salts are never soluble. (ii) Sodium metal is heated in free supply of air? 2Cl-(aq) – 2e- ———> Cl2(g). Their, solubility, however, increases as we move down the group since the lattice energies decrease more rapidly than the hydration energies. Which of the following is not a peroxide? Beryllium and magnesium do not give colour to flame whereas other alkaline earth metals do so. Answer:  It is called Nitrolime. In case of sodium and potassium compounds, the magnitude of lattice enthalpy is quite small as compared of sodium and potassium that are mentioned, readily dissolve in water. So, solubility should decrease from Li to Cs. Compare the solubility and thermal stability of the following compounds of the alkali metals with those of the alkaline earth metals. Atomic size goes on increasing down the group. The solubility data at 1 bar or saturation pressure for sodium nitrate are reviewed. Question 1. Lithium nitrate on heating evolves O 2 and NO 2 and forms Li 2 O while other alkali metal nitrates on heating evolve and form their respective nitrites. (a) Nitrates-Alkali and alkaline earth metal nitrates are soluble in water. Name the alkaline earth metals whose salt do not impart colour to a non-luminous flame. Volume 89: Jitka Eysseltová and Violetta Timofeevna Orlova Alkali Metal Nitrates (two parts) IUPAC Project Part 1. Answer: (i) Lattice energy of BeO is compartively higher than the hydration energy. (b) It is used in textile industries. 1. 2. The oxide of which of the following metals is amphoteric? Give two examples. Alkali metals due to lower ionization enthalpy are more electropositive than the corresponding group 2 elements. (a) It is used in the manufacturing of soap paper, artificial silk etc. Which out of the following can be used to store an alkali metal? (a) an ammoniacal brine solution is carbonated with CO2, forming NaHCO3 which on decomposition at 150°C produces Na2CO3 How would you explain the following observations? Electropositive character increases on going down the group. Silver nitrite and potassium perchlorate are considered slightly soluble. Why is BeCl2 soluble in organic solvent? Why is the solution of alkali metals in liquid ammonia conducting in nature? Answer:  Alkali metals. Compare the solubility and thermal stability of the following compounds of the alkali metals with those of the alkaline earth metals. Question 14. At cathode: Question 9. What is Quick lime? Answer: Fused NaOH. Question 9. In the final analysis, the table your teacher wants you to use is the most correct one for you to use. (a) Don't worry! (iii) Sodium peroxide (iv) Sodium carbonate? Silver and lead ion are mostly soluble, except when paired with nitrate, acetate and… (a) Why Cs is considered as the most electropositive element? Data on some, such as cesium and rubidium fluoride, nitrate, carbonate, and sulfate, appear to be reported for the first time. Answer: Size of Cs is the biggest thus, its melting point is the lowest, (d) is correct. I cannot wrap my head around this. Na + H2O —–> NaOH + 1/2H2 Answer: Sodium ions: Question 25. Answer: Let x be the oxidation state of Na in Na2O2     2x + 2 (-1) = 0  2x – 2 = 0    2x = 2 x = +1. (i) Chile salt petre (ii) Marble (iii) Brine For example, a typical Group 2 nitrate like magnesium nitrate decomposes like this: In Group 1, lithium nitrate behaves in the same way - producing lithium oxide, nitrogen dioxide and oxygen. Therefore, these are soft and have low melting point. Answer: It is anhydrous calcium sulphate (CaSO4). Question 2. On heating, Beryllium nitrate forms nitrite and, other nitrates yield oxide, liberating brown fumes of nitrogen dioxide. Trump suggests he may not sign $900B stimulus bill. Essentially, all alkali metal (Li +, Na +, K +, Rb +, Cs +) and ammonium (NH 4 +) salts are soluble. (a) KO2(b) CrO5(c) Na2O2 (d) BaO2 Question 8. Why? Describe the importance of the following: Question 1. (a) Nitrates (b) Carbonates (c) Sulphates Answer: (a) Nitrates of both group 1 and group 2 elements are soluble in water because hydration energy is more than the lattice energy. What is the mixture of CaC2 and N2 called? Halogen rule 7. of alkaline earth metals are higher than those of the corresponding alkali metals. Explain the reason for this type of colour change. ALkali metals are distinguished by having a single electron in its outermost (most reactive) ground state. Answer: (a) According to Fazan’s rule, Li+ ion can polarise  l– ion more than the F– ion due to bigger size of the anion. Answer: (a) Nitrates of both group 1 and group 2 elements are soluble in water because hydration energy is more than the lattice energy. This means that the magnitude of hydration enthalpy is quite large. How is it prepared? Answer: Question 18. This website has definitions for soluble, insoluble and slightly soluble plus a good set of rules for solubility at the end of the file. Question 3. Whereas, in magnesium and calcium due to small size their lattice energy dominates over hydration energy they are sparingly soluble in water. Cl + Cl——–>Cl2 Answer: Question 10. Keep in mind that there will be slight variations from table to table. Na is liberated at the cathode. Answer: Since BeCl2 is a covalent compound it is soluble in organic solvent. Question 29. All Cl-, Br-, and I+ compounds are soluble except for Ag+, Hg2… All So4-2 compounds are soluble except for Ca+2, Ba+2, Sr+2, H… They are less electropositive than alkali metals. Question 9. (a) Pb (b) Mg  (c) Ca (d) Al (a) Nitrates-Alkali and alkaline earth metal nitrates are soluble in water. (ii) 2Na + O2 ———> Na2O2 Give the chemical equation also. Question 4. As a rule of thumb, if it fits any of the following criteria, it is soluble: * Acronym: NAACP #1 are all soluble no matter what. (c) Sulphates of group 1 are soluble in water except Li2SO4. Question 5. Which statement is true? (a) Compare four properties of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals. 4. Lithium when heated with ammonia forms lithium imide while other alkali metals form amides of the general formula ( where M=Na,K, Rb and S). (iii) Na2O2 + 2H20 ———> 2NaOH + H2O2. Question 2. b) Alkali metal and nitrate salts are never soluble. Answer: Question 3. ‘ … Answer: Due to ammoniated electrons and cations. Na + C2H5OH ——–> C2H5ONa + ½ H2. This brings up an important part of the solubility rules: their order. Solubility: (a) Alkali metals: Nitrates, carbonates and sulphates of alkali metals are soluble in water. Why are alkali metals soft and have low melting points? (iii) Solubility of hydroxides of alkali metals are higher than that of alkaline earth metals. (a) Sr (b) Ca (c) Be (d) Mg Question 17. Na2CO3(s) + H2O(l)———–>2NaOH Alkaline earth metal carbonates and sulphates have lower solubility than alkali metal carbonates and sulphates. Question 6. Question 8. Question 2. Solubilities of the halides, nitrates, carbonates, sulfates, and some perchlorates of all the alkali metals and alkaline earth metals in methanol at room temperature have been determined. For example,Li2CO3 +heat -> Li­2O +CO2MgCO3 +Heat -> MgO +CO2Na2CO3 +heat -> no effect.The stabilities of carbonates of alkaline earth metals increase on … MgCl2, CaCl2, SrCl2, BaCl2 Thus it undergoes hydrolysis to produce strong base NaOH and its aqueous solution is alkaline in nature. Participate in the oxidation of glucose to produce ATP. But, experimentally, order is reverse. 1. Name the alkali metal which shows diagonal relationship with magnesium? (c)Due to the small size of Li+ it has a strong positive field which attracts the negative charge so strongly that it does not permit the oxide ion, 02- to combine with another oxygen atom to form peroxide ion. (a) MgCO3 (b) CaCO3 (c) SrCO3 (d) BaCO3 Which alkaline earth metals do not impart colour to the flame? Question 17. Answer: (a) The solubilities of the hydroxides in water follow the order: Be (OH)2 < Mg (OH)2 < Ca (OH)2 < Sr (OH)2 < Ba (OH)2. Nitrates of alkaline and alkali metals give corresponding nitrites except for lithium nitrate, it gives lithium oxides. Heating the nitrates. (a) sodium (b) silicon (c) nitrogen (d)magnesium The reducing property of alkali metals follows the order, (a) Na < K < Rb < Cs < Li (b) K < Na < Rb < Cs < Li, (c) Li < Cs < Rb < K < Na (d) Rb < Cs < K < Na < Li. : Silver nitrite and potassium perchlorate are considered slightly soluble. Answer:  Beryllium does not impart colour to a non-luminous flame. Potassium carbonate cannot be prepared by Solvay process. Group 2 carbonates are insoluble in water because their Lattice energy are higher than hydration energy. Cl– – e– ——->Cl The solubility of metal halides depends on their nature, lattice enthalpy and hydration enthalpy of the individual ions. (b) Valence electrons of alkali metals like Na and K easily absorb energy from the Sulphates of both group 1 and group 2 metals are stable towards heat. Question 3. Arrange the following in the increasing order of solubility in water. Question 5. Alkali salts are all ionic which refers to the bonding mechanism of the crystalline solid. 5. Question 10. You can check out similar questions with solutions below. All nitrate (NO 3 ¯), nitrite (NO 2 ¯), chlorate (ClO 3 ¯) and perchlorate (ClO 4 ¯) salts are soluble. There is no such thing as NH4OH as a separate substance which can be isolated in pure form. That’s why they always exist in combined state in nature. Thus Lil dissolves in ethanol more easily than the KI. (ii) Basicity of oxides. (c) 10. Thus, it has the highest charge density and hence attracts the water molecules more strongly. Lithium when heated with ammonia forms lithium imide while other alkali metals form amides of the general formula ( where M=Na,K, Rb and S). (a) more reactive (b) less reducing Answer: (a) Smaller the size of the ion, more highly it is hydrated and hence greater is the mass of the hydrated ion and thus the ionic mobility become lesser. Answer: Question 8. Which alkali metal cation has the highest polarising power? Why is Li2CO3 decomposed at a lower temperature whereas Na2CO3 at higher temperature? Answer: Limestone: Question 22. Explain the following: No widgets added. Why is LiF almost insoluble in water whereas LiCl soluble not only in water but also in acetone? Answer: Potassium carbonate being more soluble than sodium bicarbonate does not get precipitated when CO2 is passed through a concentrated solution of KCl saturated with ammonia. Their solubility in water increases on moving down the group because their lattice enthalpies decrease more rapidly than the hydration enthalpies. Question 16. The carbonates of group-2 metals and that of lithium decompose on heating, forming an oxide and carbon dioxide . (a) Nitrates (b) Carbonates (c) Sulphates It is mild antiseptic for skin infections. (iii) Sodium peroxide: 2. compounds of the alkali metals and the ammonium ion are generally soluble. CaC2 + N2 ——–> CaCN2 + C, Question 1. Nitrates of alkaline and alkali metals give corresponding nitrites except for lithium nitrate, it gives lithium oxides. Nitrate and Alkali Metal rule 3. Salts of alkali metals (and ammonium), as well as those of nitrate and acetate, are always soluble. State as to why (c) A brine solution is made to react with BaCO3 to produce Na2CO3 Explain. When ammonia gas (NH3) is bubbled through water, it dissolves and a small number of ammonia molecules react with the water to produce NH4+ and OH¯ ions. Question 1. Question 20. 3. [ Thus they need large amount of energy for excitation of electrons to higher (a) Na2O2 and water The solubility results were obtained in water or aqueous solutions. No common ones. Question 1. Answer:  Potassium and caesium have much lower ionization enthalpy than that of lithium. Question 5. (d) Li is the best reducing agent in aqueous solution. This is because their hydration energies decreases more rapidly than their lattice energies. Therefore, Lattice energy of Na2CO3 is higher than that of Li2CO3. ... Alkali Metal Nitrates. This brings up an important part of the solubility rules: their order. Using this idea, how can we order the three rules we have so far to remove any contradictions? All acetates (ethanoates) are soluble. As a result, the binding energy of alkali metal ions in the close-packed metal lattices are weak. 2. Answer: Since the atoms of alkali metals have bigger kernels and smaller number of valence electrons, the metallic bonds in them are very weak and hence are soft. (c) 4. They have a strong tendency to lose 1 electron to form unipositive ions. Which one of the following alkali metals give hydrated salts? Mg2+(aq) + 2e– ———-> Mg(s) (c) Ee for M2+ (aq) + 2e– —> M(s) (where M = Ca, Sr, or Ba) is nearly constant. (ii) Solubility : All the carbonates of alkali metals are generally soluble in water and their solubility increase rapidly on descending the group. Indeed, I found one website with four terms. Answer:  CaO is quick lime. Why are alkali metals always univalent? Which electrolyte is used to obtain sodium in Castner’s process? Question 5. Lithium shows a diagonal relationship with Question 8. Solution for Which of the statement is false regarding solubility rule A. Question 20. Question 7. Which of the following is the least thermally stable? The Solubility Rules. Mg is the main pigment for the absorption of light in plants. Answer: (i) Sodium metal is manufactured by electrolysis of a fused mass of NaCl 40% and CaCl2 60% in Down’s cell at 873 K, using iron as cathode and graphite as anode. What is the effect of heat on the following compounds (Give equations for the reactions)? Halides Alkali metal salts are soluble and nitrate salts are not. Question  21. 1. Alkali metal and nitrate salts are never soluble. (b) KO2 and water Why are potassium and caesium, rather than lithium used in photoelectric cells? . Nitrates and acetates are generally soluble. Find out the oxidation state of sodium in Na2O2. (a) Used in the softening of water, for laundry and cleaning purposes. Also, the solubility increases as we move down the group. The most important slightly soluble substance is calcium hydroxide, Ca(OH)2. Melting point nad boiling point of particular alkali metal follow the order Fluorides > Chlorides > Bromides > Iodides. NaH, KH and CaH2, Question  8. Name the compounds used for the manufacture of washing soda by Solvay process. Question 1. Answer: This is due to the reason that potassium bicarbonate (KHCO3) formed as an intermediate (when CO2 gas is passed through ammoniated solution of potassium chloride) is highly soluble in water and cannot be separated by filtration. How would you prepare sodium silicate from silica? (Acetone is polar in nature). Therefore, a large amount of energy is needed to excite their valence electron, and that’s why they do not impart colour to the flame. The hydroxides and carbonates of sodium and potassium are easily soluble in water while the corresponding salts of magnesium and calcium are sparingly soluble in water. Question 19. (b) Due to its smaller size lithium can form nitride directly. (b) Smaller the size (internuclear distance), more is the value of Lattice enthalpy since internuclear distance is expected to be least in the LiF. Thermal stability of alkali metal hydrides and carbonates (1 answer) Closed last year. Whereas  BeSO4 is ionic in nature and its hydration energy dominates the lattice energy. Question 7. Answer: NaCl, CaCO3 and NH3. Why is LiF almost insoluble in water whereas LiCl soluble not only in water but also in acetone? Most hydroxide (OH¯) salts are insoluble. (a) MgCO3 (b) CaCO3 (c) SrCO3 (d)BeCO3 Answer: They are always univalent because after losing one electron, they aquire nearest inert gas configuration.Li+ forms largest hydrated cations because it has the highest hydration energy. (b) Carbonates of group 1 elements are soluble in water except Li2CO3 They are also thermally stable except Li2CO3 (iii) Sodium peroxide dissolves in water? Nitrates (NO 3-), chlorates (ClO 3-), and perchlorates (ClO 4-) are soluble. On moving down the group, their solubility decreases. (iii) Sulphates. It is also soluble in acetone due to dipolar attraction. Answer: BaCl2 < SrCl2 < CaCl2 CaCN2 + c, Question 10 group-2 metals and hydroxides... To lower ionization enthalpy of alkaline earth metals can not be obtained by chemical reduction method ( )... Small size, lithium does not form alums CaC2 + N2 ——– CaCN2. To small size so electrons are strongly bound to the flame browser for the absorption of light in.. Aqueous ; why alkali metals and alkaline earth metal nitrates are soluble in water or aqueous.! Not only in water increases on moving down the group, their solubility.. Boiling point of particular alkali metal which shows diagonal relationship with ( a ) a solution of NaCl ( ). Form unipositive ions ( LiCl ) the lattice energies decrease more rapidly than the hydration.! Increasing due to low ionization enthalpies of be and Mg are much higher than those of the crystalline.. Which of the alkali metals except lithium carbonate are stable towards heat energy is emitted in Solvay! So electrons are strongly basic rather than lithium used in photoelectric cells the ions! 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Exists as a result, these are soft and have low melting point Mg ( OH ) 2 element! Agent in aqueous solution ) Lil is more basic NaOH or Mg ( OH 2. Of which of the alkali metal salts a lower temperature important slightly soluble metals...

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