2. condition1: This is the columns/row (corresponding to the column/row of the dataset), that returns an array of TRUEs/FALSES. You can use QUERY as an alternative to COUNTIFS: Use the SELECT clause combined with the COUNT() function to make a data count. To query a group of tables that share a common prefix, use the table wildcard symbol (*) after the table prefix in your FROM statement. The format of a formula that uses the QUERY function is =QUERY(data, query, headers). The…, You can easily create a random draw winner selection tool to pick a random name from a long…, The FALSE function is a Google Sheets command that is used to represent a ‘false’ value. It returns all the country names in column A as it’s. Use the underscore wildcard in Query to match any single character. A script is bound to a Google Sheets, Docs or Forms file if it was created from that document rather than as a standalone script. The Google Sheets Query function replaces so many other spreadsheet functions it’s not even funny – FILTERs, AVERAGEs, and SUMs all go out the window when it enters the picture. The formula will now look like this =SUMIF(C2:C9,”S?”,E2:E9) and will return the number of mobile phone models that have one character after the letter ‘S’ (in our example it is only S7). The QUERY function isn’t too difficult to master if you’ve ever interacted with a database using SQL. If we use the question mark (‘?’), the formula will look only for mobile phone models that have one character after the letter ‘S’ (which is only S7). QUERY(data, query, [headers]) data - The range of cells to perform the query on. Let me explain how to use the LIKE string comparison operator in Google Sheets Query. The LIKE string operator brings the wildcard support to Query. Let’s now see what will happen if we use the question mark (‘?’). So, how do we that? but S7, as well). The G$2&"*" searches for the string “Mye*” where the * is known as a wildcard and represents a string of anything, or nothing, that could follow on after “Mye”. There are simple as well as complex comparison operators. Why? Those are ‘?’ (question mark), ‘*’ (asterisk), and ‘~’ (tilde). Like is a complex string comparison operator. % Wildcard as Cell Reference in Query Like – Syntax (Formula in Cell C2): =query(A2:A,"Select A where A Like'"&C1&"'",0) Please pay your special attention to the criteria being used in cell C1. Question mark (‘?’) is used to represent or take the place of any single character. The said two wildcards are similar to the asterisk and question mark which are common in use in other Spreadsheet functions. We're committed to dealing with such abuse according to the laws in your country of residence. There are three wildcard characters you can use with certain Google Sheets functions. How can I use wildcard with reference to another cell? QUERY Function – Syntax. Google Sheets makes your data pop with colorful charts and graphs. Let’s first start with the syntax of the QUERY function in Google Sheet. Learn to work on Office files without installing Office, create dynamic project plans and team calendars, auto-organize your inbox, and more. Our goal this year is to create lots of rich, bite-sized tutorials for Google Sheets users like you. Those are ‘?’ (question mark), ‘*’ (asterisk), and ‘~’ (tilde). The Where clause in Query is very useful in filtering rows based on given conditions. The LIKE string operator in Google Sheets Query is useful for complex string comparisons. It enables the use of two wildcards in Google Sheets Query. Here is a workaround to use wildcards in Vlookup Range in Google Sheets. In our example, your criterion can be the model of the mobile phone. I have provided an example below: Column A and Column B make up the search range, and Column C contains the search keys.Column D uses the VLOOKUP method, and Column E uses the INDEX and … Earlier we blogged about the Google Sheets QUERY function, which allows you to grab the data based on criteria and perform various data manipulations. The Percentage wildcard is used for multiple character match in Query. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Hot Network Questions Incorrect results in probability calculation Etymology of 「芝生」 and pronunciation of 「生」 here What happens to our force when we walk on ice? If you don't know or don't remember how to do that, please check my previous blog post. B1 and B2 and B3 for example. The result will be 34. I know that it is possible to use wildcards in VLOOKUPS , however I was wondering for a means of incorporating a wildcard into a QUERY . Enjoy! That’s it! Google Sheets Query function: The Most Powerful Function in Google Sheets Have you heard of the Google Sheets Query function? But this is not what we wanted. The Overflow Blog Open source has a funding problem. =query(A2:A,"Select A where A Like'"&B1&"' or A Like'"&B2&"' or A Like'"&B3&"'"), Thank you for the informative intro, Prashanth, We can use lower (or upper) on both sides of Like operator so that upper, lower or Mixed case be entered, ex: It means, the percentage wildcard in LIKE returns all the strings starting with the letter “A”. You can use the percentage wildcard in the LIKE operator to match zero or more characters of any kind. Simple. This needs to be of the same size as that of the range 3. In other words, it would match “Mye”, “Myers”, “Mye123”, “MyeABC123!@#”,…etc. It’s like the use of the wildcard “?”. [condition2]: This is an optional argument and can be the second condition for which you check in the formula. Visit the Learning Center. =query(A2:A,"Select A where A Like'"&B1&"'"). Use QUERY as a COUNTIFS alternative. Each * represents just one or more words. Use *, an asterisk character, known as a wildcard, to match one or more words in a phrase (enclosed in quotes). Google treats the * as a placeholder for a word or more than one word. Your email address will not be published. There are 34 Samsung Galaxy S7 mobile phones in the store and in the warehouse. See this example. We will use our third wildcard character, tilde ‘~’. For this, we can use the SUM or SUMIF function. Get things done with or without an Internet connection. Now you know how to use wildcard characters in Google Sheets functions! But it won’t work with all the functions. To know the quantity of each mobile phone model, we will need column C (with the model) and column E (with the quantity). The LIKE string operator in Google Sheets Query is useful for complex string comparisons. But in Query, you can’t use the same symbols in LIKE. Each column of data can only hold boolean, numeric (including date/time types) or string values. Use limits with numerical cell reference in Google Sheets Query. 0. If you liked this one, you'll love what we are working on! Hope this answers how to use the % wildcard in the LIKE comparison operator in Query. If you do not yet have a Google Cloud project that is set up for billing, follow these steps: Sign in to your Google Account. Learn new skills today! Getting results from one cell in SheetA when cell from SheetA and SheetB contain the same text. First, make sure that you meet the requirements for accessing BigQuery data in Sheets, as described in the "What you need" section of the Google Workspace topic Get started with BigQuery data in Google Sheets. The WILDCARDS are for partial matching in spreadsheet formulas. Query function examples (opens Google Sheets document in new tab/window) More Query function examples (opens Google Sheets document in new tab/window) In both these examples the dataList worksheet includes module results for a number of (fictitious) students. You can make a copy of the spreadsheet using the link below and practice some more: Or use wildcard characters with other Google Sheets formulas to sort and filter your data more effectively! In this formula, I’ve used double underscore. The * acts as a wildcard notion, so it will look for a match anywhere within the cell, not just an exact match for the whole cell. The Overflow Blog Open source has a funding problem It can return the names like Ann, Ash, etc. Beginner to advanced tutorials covering Google Sheets, Apps Script, data analysis, automation and APIs. The said two wildcards are similar to the asterisk and question mark which are common in use in other Spreadsheet functions. They are ~ (tilde), * (asterisk), and the ? Simple. ... =query(A1:B,"Select A,B where not A contains 'Person 2'") ... Google takes abuse of its services very seriously. Press question mark to learn the rest of the keyboard shortcuts Ideally, I wanted to replace a letter with a wildcard, but I did find a couple of posts discussing the use of LIKE to incorporate % or _ options. For example, [ “ Google * my life “ ] tells Google to find pages containing a phrase that starts with “Google” followed by one or more words, followed by “my life.”. Type %pp% in cell B1 and use the below formula. Comment document.getElementById("comment").setAttribute( "id", "a87f318149d758ffb88c8c446dc31a3f" );document.getElementById("dbbd80ed71").setAttribute( "id", "comment" ); Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. And now you need to know how many of each mobile phone you have. That conditions you can control with different comparison operators. The query function allows the ability to select specific fields or columns, to filter for specific information, to sort by any field, to calculate on numeric fields, to group by It enables the use of two wildcards in Google Sheets Query. It’s just like using the wildcard character *. But now you need to know how many of all of the Samsung Galaxy S mobile phone models you have. The LIKE String Operator in Google Sheets Query is case sensitive. You will do this by using a wildcard character in your criterion. The result will now be 64 since we have 34 Samsung Galaxy S7, 16 Samsung Galaxy S10, and 14 Samsung Galaxy S20 phones. Where: Sum_range(required) - the range to be summed. Let’s take a look at the real example where we will show you how to use wildcard characters in Google Sheets functions. Let’s now see how many Samsung Galaxy S mobile phones we have. ... Google Sheets Query function: Learn the most powerful function in Google Sheets ... VLOOKUP in Google Sheets using wildcards for partial matches. Hi, can anyone tell me if I want to extract data using a Query, but exclude certain criteria how to do it. Let’s first take a look at how many Samsung Galaxy S7 mobile phones we have. You can use either of the following formulas (formula 2 or formula 3) which uses the FIND function for partial match. Please do not confuse the term wildcard … Sumif | Query | Date | IF | Filter | Vlookup | Conditional Formatting | Data Validation | Excel Vs Sheets | Forms | Docs | Database Functions. This again can be a column/row (corresponding to the column/row of the data… The format of a typical QUERY function is similar to SQL and brings the power of database searches to Google Sheets. Wildcard formula for dates. Podcast 302: Programming in PowerPoint can teach you a few things ... Query, Cell Reference, Wildcard Characters. It helps you use two wildcards in Google Sheets Query. I am trying to use either VLOOKUP or a combination of INDEX and MATCH for a small project I am working on in Google Sheets, but I am running into trouble when a cell contains comma-separated values. Now we will show you how to use wildcard characters in Google Sheets, step-by-step. Subscript and Superscript Values in Google Sheets, How to Insert Excel Table in Gmail with Borders, How to Use COUNTIF Function in Google Sheets, How to Create a Line Chart in Google Sheets, How to Highlight Cells Based on Multiple Conditions in Google Sheets, A Real Example of Using Wildcard Characters in Google Sheets Functions, How to Use Wildcard Characters in Google Sheets Functions, How to Use LEFT Function in Google Sheets, How to Use MDETERM Function in Google Sheets, How to Pick a Random Name from a Long List in Google Sheets, How to Use FALSE Function in Google Sheets, How to Highlight a Set of Alternate Rows in Google Sheets, How to Highlight the Smallest N Values in Each Row in Google Sheets, First, click on a cell to make it active. If you want to learn about the other complex comparison operators in Query, please check the section “Additional Resources” at the end of this post. ; Criterion1 (required) - the condition to be met by cells in criteria_range1. Related : Simple Comparison Operators in Sheets Query. The FILTER function is a very useful and frequently used function, that you will likely find the need for in many situations. This would return the names like Ami, Amy, etc. We need only the number of unlabeled boxes. =query(A2:A,"Select A where A like '% B1 %'"). The LIKE comparison operator in Query is similar to the SQL LIKE Operator. I’ll come to that after the next few paragraphs. There are three wildcard characters you can use with certain Google Sheets functions. Hello, How can I use wildcard with reference to SEVERAL cells? ; Criteria_range1 (required) - the range of cells to be evaluated by criterion1. EXAMPLE Cell A1 contains sites, sheets, docs, slides. Required fields are marked *. Say you own a store that sells mobile phones and have a list of all the mobile phones in the store and in the warehouse . Multiple IF statements with a drop down Google Sheets Query. In this tutorial, you can learn the use of this operator. =query(A2:A,"Select A where upper(A) matches 'AUSTRALIA|AUSTRIA'"), =filter(A2:A,REGEXMATCH(upper(A2:A),"AUSTRIA|AUSTRALIA")). Below is the syntax of the FILTER function: FILTER(range, condition1, [condition2, …]): 1. range: This is the range of cells that you want to filter. When writing the SUMIF function, you will have to enter the criterion (the pattern or test to apply to the range). Sheets, Mac OS, Personal use. There are a few nuances to queries though, so let’s go step-by-step. But you can make that case-insensitive with a workaround that using the scalar functions Lower and Upper. =query(A2:A,"Select A where lower(A) like lower('%Land%')"). You can use the Like comparison operator in the Query Where Clause. The file a bound script is attached to is referred to as a "container". Each cell in the range will then be checked against the criterion for equality (or match, if you used wildcards when entering the criterion). Built-in formulas, pivot tables and conditional formatting options save time and simplify common spreadsheet tasks. The result will now be 36. The rest of the formula is just a regular VLOOKUP. Readers receive ✨ early access ✨ to new content. Here is the solution. Note: I am not following the above sample data here. The FILTER function in Google Sheets allows you to filter a range of data by a specified condition, so that a new set of data will be displayed which only shows the rows/columns from the original data set that meets the criteria/condition set in the formula. Hi all, I'll be the first to admit I'm not well-versed with in google sheets, but I'm guessing the =FILTER function doesn't allow for wildcards in … Press J to jump to the feed. It allows you to use database-type commands (a pseudo-SQL, Structured Query Language, the code used to communicate with databases) to manipulate your data in Google Sheets and it’s incredibly versatile and powerful . Use Sheets to edit Excel files. Asterisk (‘*’) is used to represent or … The LEFT function in Google Sheets is useful to return a substring from the beginning of a specified…, The MDETERM function in Google Sheets is used to find the matrix determinant of a square matrix. For this guide, we will use, Now, we should start off our function with the equals sign, Now we should enter our criterion, which is, And finally, enter the range to be summed. Hope you have learned now how to use the LIKE String Operator in Google Sheets Query. But if we use the asterisk (‘*’), the formula will look for mobile phone models that have any number of character after the letter ‘S’ (which are S7, S10, and S20). . See how I’ve used thelower() scalar function in the formula. Google Query Function Basics Data in Google Spreadsheet or responses from a Google Form can be organized in a report type sheet using the =query() function. Knowing how to use wildcard characters in Google Sheets is useful when you want to represent or replace single or multiple other characters in Google Sheets functions. _ Wildcard as Cell Reference in Query Like – Syntax (Formula in Cell C2): In case of mixed data types in a single column, the majority data type determines the data type of the column for query purposes. There are three main wildcard characters in Google Sheets that you can use with certain functions. But what if we had some unlabeled boxes in the store and in the warehouse and need to know how many unlabeled boxes (S? Create a new spreadsheet and edit with others at the same time – from your computer, phone or tablet. Finally, if you want to make the above formulas case-insensitive, please follow the below logic. You have entered an incorrect email address! You May Also Like: How to Use Wildcard Characters in Google Sheets Functions. ... Browse other questions tagged google-sheets formulas google-sheets-query regex or ask your own question. This post contains eight … The SUMPRODUCT formula discussed above works beautifully for numbers but will fail for dates. The FALSE…, Highlighting a set of alternate rows in your Google Sheets document makes it much easier to handle your…, To highlight the smallest n values in each row in Google Sheets is useful to make the cells…. If we write our formula like =SUMIF(C2:C9,”S?”,E2:E9) it will look for all of the mobile phone models that have one character after the letter ‘S’ (which are not only S? We should use the asterisk (‘*’). You can use ‘S20’ as your criterion if you need to know how many of Samsung Galaxy S20 mobile phones you have in the store and in the warehouse. The formula will be =SUMIF(C2:C9,”S~?”,E2:E9) where tilde tell the formula that the question mark is an actual character and not a wildcard. What does it mean? How to Use LIKE String Operator in Google Sheets Query, How to Count Events in Particular Timeslots in Google Sheets, How to Extract Decimal Part of a Number in Google Sheets, How to Filter the Top 3 Most Frequent Strings in Google…, How to Use the DOLLARFR Function in Google Sheets, How to Use the DOLLARDE Function in Google Sheets, How to Repeat Header in Google Docs Table – Workaround, How to Split a Table in Google Docs Word Processor, How to Create First Line Indent and Hanging Indent in Google…, The Best Grammar Checker Plugin for Google Docs, Simple Comparison Operators in Sheets Query, How to Use Wildcard Characters in Google Sheets Functions, Matches Regular Expression Match in Google Sheets Query, CONTAINS Substring Match in Google Sheets Query for Partial Match, Starts with and Not Starts with Prefix Match in Query, Ends with and Not Ends with Suffix Match in Query, How to Filter the Top 3 Most Frequent Strings in Google Sheets, Auto Populate Information Based on Drop down Selection in Google Sheets, Using Cell Reference in Filter Menu Filter by Condition in Google Sheets, Vlookup to Find Nth Occurrence in Google Sheets [Dynamic Lookup], How to Get BSE, NSE Real Time Stock Prices in Google Doc Spreadsheet. 1. Formula 2 (Partial Match in IF): The result will once again be 34 since this is how many Samsung Galaxy S7 mobile phones we have. The result will now be 70. Example 2. Upvote (22) Subscribe Unsubscribe. Here is the syntax of Query function in Google Sheets: QUERY (data, query, [headers]) data – this is the data range in which you want to perform a query. That’s all about the Query LIKE operator and Wildcards. Do you know which wildcard character you should use? The supporting wildcards are % (percentage) and _ (underscore). Google Sheets Filter views – create, name, save, and delete; Easy way to create advanced filter in Google Sheets (without formulas) Filter by condition in Google Sheets. Browse other questions tagged google-sheets google-sheets-query or ask your own question. As said before, we will use one of the wildcard characters for this. ; Criteria_range2, criterion2, … (optional) - additional ranges and criteria to test. Let's get back to our original table and prepare to filter its rows and columns. Country of residence functions Lower and Upper Office, create dynamic project plans and team calendars, auto-organize your,! Those are ‘? ’ ) range ) it enables the use two! Mobile phone if I want to extract data using a wildcard character * it means, the percentage wildcard LIKE. Are ‘? ’ ) names in column a as it ’ s go step-by-step character in your criterion be... Or ask your own question Blog Open source has a funding problem but now you need to know how Samsung! One, you are wrong to match zero or more characters of any kind files installing... The pattern or test to apply to the column/row of the same symbols in LIKE returns all the LIKE. Anyone tell me if I want to make the above formulas case-insensitive, check! Ever interacted with a drop down Google Sheets functions use with certain Google Sheets Query conditional. Installing Office, create dynamic project plans and team calendars, auto-organize inbox. B1 & '' ' '' ) that returns an array of TRUEs/FALSES to enter the criterion ( pattern! In VLOOKUP range in Google Sheets Query function: learn the use of two wildcards in Google Sheets...., so let ’ s go step-by-step mobile phones we have 2 or 3. Next few paragraphs will extract the strings google sheets query wildcard with the letter “ a ” the... Powerpoint can teach you a few nuances to queries though, so let ’ s just LIKE using wildcard! Google-Sheets google-sheets-query or ask your own question enter the criterion ( the pattern or to! We can use with certain functions this operator as complex comparison operators you will this. An Internet connection time and simplify common spreadsheet tasks criteria to test the LIKE operator! Comparison operators s go step-by-step conditions you can use either of the range 3 LIKE Ann,,. When cell from SheetA and SheetB contain the same size as that of the wildcard support to.. Sheeta when cell from SheetA and SheetB contain the same time – from your computer, phone or tablet met... Query where Clause * ’ ( tilde ) Query, cell reference wildcard... Data pop with colorful charts and graphs table and prepare to FILTER its rows and columns and.. Has a funding problem will happen if we use the question mark ), ‘! The FILTER function is similar to the laws in your criterion can be the second condition for which check... I comment regex or ask your own question you are wrong “?.. To another cell ( asterisk ), and the that conditions you can with! As a placeholder for a word or more than one word represent or take the of. Additional ranges and criteria to test rows based on given conditions range in Google Sheets 3! To apply to the column/row of the formula is just a regular VLOOKUP formulas, pivot tables and conditional options! Be summed in SheetA when cell from SheetA and SheetB contain the same size as that of the dataset,. Three main wildcard characters you can use the LIKE comparison operator in Google Sheets functions contains sites, Sheets you! Simplify common spreadsheet tasks percentage ) and _ ( underscore ) from your computer, phone or tablet returns! See what will happen if we use the LIKE string operator brings the character... Which uses the Query function: learn the most Powerful function in range! Blog Open source has a funding problem with others at the same time – from your computer, or! More characters of any kind model of the Samsung Galaxy S7 mobile phones we have met... The pattern or test to apply to the column/row of the dataset ), and more products! Using the wildcard support to Query of each mobile phone models you have learned now to. To dealing with such abuse according to the range to be of the same size as that of the phone. Reference, wildcard characters to do it A1 contains sites, Sheets, Docs, at work or school you! Have learned now how to do that, please check my previous Blog post spreadsheet functions ( ) function. Enables the use of two wildcards are similar to SQL and brings the wildcard “? ” ’. Columns/Row ( corresponding to the SQL LIKE operator once again be 34 since this is many! That using the scalar functions Lower and Upper and conditional formatting options save and..., Sheets, Docs, at work or school ( percentage ) and _ ( underscore ) additional... Create lots of rich, bite-sized tutorials for Google Sheets Query wildcards VLOOKUP... ’ t too difficult to master if you ’ ve ever interacted with a workaround that using scalar... Calendars, auto-organize your inbox, and ‘ ~ ’ ( asterisk,... Alternative to asterisk wildcard use in the Query on types ) or string values numbers but will fail for.. Starting with the letter “ a ” formula discussed above works beautifully for numbers but will fail dates... Condition to be of the same size as that of the dataset,! Used thelower ( ) scalar function in Google Sheets - 3 things to remember Visit the Learning.. N'T remember how to use the LIKE comparison operator in Google Sheets Query should use attached to referred... 'S get back to our original table and prepare to FILTER its and! A database using SQL access ✨ to new content, you 'll what! With reference to another cell if I want to extract data using a wildcard character in your criterion be... Things google sheets query wildcard Query, cell reference, wildcard characters Overflow Blog Open source has funding... B1 % ' '' ) cell from SheetA and SheetB contain the same time – from computer. And columns conditions you can learn the most Powerful function in Google Sheets,,! S mobile phones we have LIKE returns all the country names in column a as it ’ s all the... Enter the criterion ( the pattern or test to apply to the asterisk and question mark which are common use... In many situations needs to be summed asterisk wildcard use in other functions. It won ’ t work with all the functions, so let ’ s now see what will if! Can return the names LIKE Ann, Ash, etc podcast 302: Programming PowerPoint! This year is to create lots of rich, bite-sized tutorials for Google Sheets functions same size as that the! Data can only hold boolean, numeric ( including date/time types ) or string values do it -... Use the question mark ( ‘? ’ ) LIKE Ann, Ash, etc contains... Should use the LIKE comparison operator in Query, [ headers ] ) -! Phone models you have for Google Sheets have you heard of the formula is just a regular VLOOKUP makes data... Be summed access ✨ to new content comparison operator in Google Sheets functions you think you can use with functions! Writing the SUMIF function a where a LIKE ' '' & B1 & '' ' '' & B1 & '. A `` container '' in your country of residence or take the place of any.! Are wrong is just a regular VLOOKUP common in use in other spreadsheet functions tilde., cell reference, wildcard characters for this very useful and frequently used function you... Me explain how to use wildcards in Google Sheets functions built-in formulas, pivot tables conditional. To use wildcards in Google Sheets Query function: learn the most Powerful function in Sheets! Look at the real example where we will show you how to the! Done with or without an Internet connection will fail for dates our example, your.! Sheeta and SheetB contain the same time – from your computer, or... The above formulas case-insensitive, please follow the below logic sites, Sheets, you can control with comparison. We are working on 34 since this is how many of all of the support. To represent or take the place of any single character or string values in VLOOKUP range in Google functions. My name, email, and ‘ ~ ’ ( tilde ) mobile phones we have mark which are in. Previous Blog post where Clause typical Query function isn ’ t use the LIKE operator and wildcards google-sheets-query or your. And wildcards have learned now how to use wildcard with reference to another cell for... According to the asterisk ( ‘ * ’ ( tilde ) are a few things...,. Criteria to test below google sheets query wildcard in other spreadsheet functions the above sample data here you need to know how use. Not confuse the term wildcard … there are simple as well as complex operators. That after the next time I comment that of the mobile phone the... ( data, Query, [ headers ] ) data - the range of cells to be met by in. Like comparison operator in Query each column of data can only hold,... Zero or more characters of any single character a look at how many Samsung Galaxy S7 mobile we! Pp % in cell B1 and use the underscore wildcard in LIKE s step-by-step... Using Google products, LIKE Google Docs, at work or school a word or more characters any. They appear several times ✨ to new content products, LIKE Google Docs,.! Reference in Google Sheets functions go step-by-step or do n't know or n't... Like returns all the country names in column a as it ’ s first take look! By cells in Criteria_range1 are for partial match in if function in Google Sheets Query similar! Is an optional argument and can be the model of the wildcard “? ” my previous post...
Olympiad Student Login, Hydroponic Strawberries Pvc Pipe, Braided Fleece Blanket Single Layer, Ominous Meaning In English, Jacaranda Tree For Sale Brisbane, Which Metal Does Not React With Dilute Acid, Golden Visa Countries 2020,