[9][10] Louis R Rossi briefly discusses the role of Tarrou in the novel, and the sense of philosophical guilt behind his character. She comes to visit her son during the first days of the plague. Othon treats his wife and children unkindly, but after his son dies of the plague, his character softens. In this coronavirus pandemic, their responses are mirrored by todays officials. The narrator of the chronicle says that he is Dr. Rieux and states that he tried to present an objective view of the events. Asked by bookragstutor. Despondent, they waste away emotionally as well as physically. MCCARTHY, P. “The Use of Narrative in The Plague.” M. Othon: M. Othon is a magistrate in Oran. Grand hurried home every evening to his mysterious literary activities. In an interview on 15 November 1945, Camus said: "No, I am not an existentialist. By late January the plague is in full retreat, and the townspeople begin to celebrate the imminent opening of the town gates. [11] Elwyn Sterling has analysed the role of Cottard and his final actions at the end of the novel. Last updated by Jill D on 29 Jun 12:49 Answers: 1. M. Othon M. (Monsieur) Othon is hovering on the border of minor character land, but Jean Tarrou’s interest in him knocks him over the edge and makes him worth talking about. Cottard goes mad and shoots at people from his home, and is soon arrested after a brief skirmish with the police. M. Othon does catch the plague and dies as does Tarrou, yet Tarrou struggles and fights until the disease takes him in the end. Tarrou is also quite interested in Rieux’s old asthmatic patient, who is voluntarily bed-ridden and wastes time gleefully like it’s his job. What insights can we discover from Camus’ novel, The Plague, about moral motivations? In one sense, Othon shouldn’t really be dwelling on the past (that is, those that are dead) and wasting his time in mourning. The use of telephone lines is restricted only to "urgent" calls, leaving short telegrams as the only means of communicating with friends or family outside the town. He inquires about the death of his son Jacques and whether the child suffered very much before he passed away. The Death of a Child in La Peste.” Orbis Litterarum LVI (2001): 399-416. A gripping tale of human unrelieved horror, of survival and resilience, and of the ways in which humankind confronts death, The Plague is at once a masterfully crafted novel, eloquently understated and epic in scope, and a parable of ageless moral resonance, profoundly relevant to our times. A haunting tale of human resilience in the face of unrelieved horror, Camus' novel about a bubonic plague ravaging the people of a North African coastal town is a classic of twentieth-century literature. [7] Marina Warner has noted the lack of female characters and the total absence of Arab characters in the novel, but also notes its larger philosophical themes of "engagement", "paltriness and generosity", "small heroism and large cowardice", and "all kinds of profoundly humanist problems, such as love and goodness, happiness and mutual connection". M. Michel. Meanwhile, Jean Tarrou, a vacationer; Joseph Grand, a civil engineer; and Dr. Rieux, exhaustively treat patients in their homes and in the hospital. He is tall and thin and, as Tarrou observes in his journal, "his small, beady eyes, narrow nose, and hard, straight mouth make him look like a well-brought-up owl." And that is something we must all accept. People try to escape the town, but some are shot by armed sentries. Asked by bookragstutor. Paneloux cannot produce a moral or rational explanation for an innocent child's horrible death. Tarrou watched the little old man, and the little old man spat on the cats. Tarrou tells Rieux the story of his life and, to take their mind off the epidemic, the two men go swimming together in the sea. Two government employees approach him, and he flees. The Plague Who is M. Michel in The Plague by Albert Camus? Othon, however, does not escape death from the disease. ... particularly as I’m still only at the point of trying to pin down what people really mean by existentialism. Towards the end of October, Castel's new antiplague serum is tried for the first time, but it cannot save the life of Othon's young son, who suffers greatly, as Paneloux, Rieux, and Tarrou tend to his bedside in horror. Cottard, on the other hand, seems to flourish during the plague because it gives him a sense of being connected to others, since everybody faces the same danger. [6] Lulu Haroutunian has discussed Camus' own medical history, including a bout with tuberculosis, and how it informs the novel. For other uses, see, Camus (in Thody, 1970):345. The Plague As we know, Tarrou has it in for men of the justice system, men like police magistrates, which Othon is. Tall and dark, M. Othon had something of the air of what used to be called a man of the world, and something of an undertaker's assistant. After Jacques dies, Othon volunteers to stay in the isolation camp – even after his own period of quarantine is up – because it makes him feel closer to his son. [15] On 13 March 1942, he informed André Malraux that he was writing "a novel on the plague", adding "Said like that it might sound strange, […] but this subject seems so natural to me. In mid-August, the situation continues to worsen. Jacques Othon. Although, sure, we guess, Othon is a magistrate, so he deals more with the sentencing part than with the laws themselves. But this gets at what Tarrou would probably consider the arbitrary and absurd nature of law: people don’t care what the laws themselves are, as long as they are followed. The narrator remains unknown until the start of the last chapter, chapter 5 of part 5. When Othon's period of quarantine ends, he chooses to stay in the camp as a volunteer because this will make him feel less separated from his dead son. However, as more deaths quickly ensue, it becomes apparent that there is an epidemic. His diatribe falls on the ears of many citizens of the town, who turned to religion in droves but would not have done so under normal circumstances. MATSUMOTO, Y. This disease takes a toll on the citizens of Oran, which make them turn on each other and for some, they question the existence of God. Here are some memorable quotes from the novel. Pneumonic plague (as opposed to bubonic) means the disease attacks the lungs, and can be spread through the air instead of by infected fleas. The Plague by Albert Camus takes place in an Algerian city known as Oran. They both approach fellow doctors and town authorities about their theory but are eventually dismissed on the basis of one death. Jacques Othon:Jacques Othon is M. Othon's young son. M. Othon A police magistrate of Oran who is strict and severe with everyone, including his children. Finally, there is M. Othon, the magistrate of Oran. Near the end of October, Dr. Castel's new anti-plague serum is ready to test. Another character, Father Paneloux, uses the plague as an opportunity to advance his stature in the town by suggesting that the plague was an act of God punishing the citizens' sinful nature. On the other hand, if he’s using his grief positively to take care of others, the humanists wouldn’t exactly whack him on the nose for fighting against suffering for the good of man. The Plague Who is M. Michel in The Plague by Albert Camus? Tarrou, a mysterious guy, records more journal entries. "What an odd statement! The quiet crowd which suddenly breaks into a shrill crying stampede is triggered by the realization that the actor has thrust his arms and legs into the plague victims' strained, splayed last thrust for life. [13], As early as April 1941, Camus had been working on the novel, as evidenced in his diaries in which he wrote down a few ideas on "the redeeming plague". Rieux is alone, reveals that he was the narrator this whole time (gasp! Authorities responding to public pressure order the collection and cremation of the rats, unaware that the collection itself was the catalyst for the spread of the bubonic plague. But to no one else has it been so instantly gratuitous. Fighting the plague is an affirmation of the human will to survive while the paralysis of fear and escapism are acts of surrender. Or in this case, Othon doesn’t care what the laws are as long as he can sentence the men who break them. Rambert is reunited with his wife. Hysteria develops soon afterward, causing the local newspapers to report the incident. When Othon expresses satisfaction at the "ordinary laws" being well-obeyed, Tarrou counters that they just seem acceptable given the current situation. In September and October, the town remains at the mercy of the plague. It asks a number of questions relating to the nature of destiny and the human condition. When he contracts the plague, he is the first to receive Dr. Castel's anti-plague serum. The streetcars were always packed at the rush hours, empty and untidy during the rest of the day. The novel reveals the feelings of the people that experienced the disaster of living in a plague stricken tone. After the death of his son, some gentleness appears in Othon’s character, but he dies of plague … M. Michel is the concierge of the building in which Rieux lives. Last updated by Jill D on 29 Jun 12:49 Answers: 1. [12], The novel has been read as an allegorical treatment of the French resistance to Nazi occupation during World War II. Chaos prevails when the bubonic plague strikes the Algerian coastal city of Oran. Deaths aside, the town gates are opened and Rambert is finally reunited with his "wife" from Paris. This novel appeals to the emotions of the reader, and leaves the reader thinking about love, death, and freedom. [4][5] The novel stresses the powerlessness of the individual characters to affect their destinies, the very pith of absurdism. After extended negotiations with guards, Rambert finally has a chance to escape, but he decides to stay, saying that he would feel ashamed of himself if he left. Jacques Othon Jacques is M. Othon's small son. Fewer and fewer people die each day, and Oran begins to beat the plague. JavaScript seems to be disabled in your browser. The town is sealed off. ... M. Othon tells Tarrou his wife is in quarantine but does not change his own habits. One family he observes is that of M. Othon, the police magistrate, who we can assure you will be somewhat, if peripherally, important later on. Such people include M. Othon (sad), Jean Tarrou (catastrophically sad), and Rieux’s absent, invalid wife (we didn’t really know her that well). Cottard is distressed by the ending of the epidemic from which he has profited by shady dealings. For the best experience on our site, be sure to turn on Javascript in your browser. There are still some deaths (M. Othon, Rieux's wife, and worst of all, Tarrou), but it's ending. He is tall and thin and, as Tarrou observes in his journal, "his small, beady eyes, narrow nose, and hard, straight mouth make him look like a well-brought-up owl." M. (Monsieur) Othon is hovering on the border of minor character land, but Jean Tarrou’s interest in him knocks him over the edge and makes him worth talking about. Dr. Rieux consults his colleague, Dr. Castel, about the illness until they come to the conclusion that a plague is sweeping the town. © 2021 Shmoop University Inc | All Rights Reserved | Privacy | Legal. Meanwhile, Rieux's wife has been sent to a sanatorium in another city, to be treated for an unrelated chronic illness. In February, the town gates open and people are reunited with their loved ones from other cities. “Sur ‘le fils de M. Othon’ dans La Peste.” Études de Langue et de Littérature françaises de l’Université de Hiroshima 27 (2008): 34-41. He treats his wife and children unkindly, but after his son dies of the plague, his character softens. Cottard and Tarrou attend a performance of Gluck's opera Orpheus and Eurydice, but the actor portraying Orpheus collapses with plague symptoms during the performance. In the town of Oran, thousands of rats, initially unnoticed by the populace, begin to die in the streets. He befriends some underground criminals so that they may smuggle him out of the city. Cottard went his usual desultory ways, and M. Othon, the magistrate, continued to parade his menagerie. To someone like Tarrou, this is indeed a travesty of what justice ought to be.But it’s hard to hate M. Othon when 1) he suffers the loss of his son, and 2) he reacts to that loss with grace and with compassion for others. Is Othon portrayed positively or negatively by this reaction? He begins a gun fight in town and soon his taken into custody by the police. This is best done by focusing one character (perhaps two, but not more—for the sake of focus). The separation affects daily activity and depresses the spirit of the townspeople, who begin to feel isolated and introverted, and the plague begins to affect various characters. M Othon informs Tarrou that his Mme Othon is “under suspicion” for having taken care of her mother who has succumbed to plague. Germaine Brée has characterised the struggle of the characters against the plague as "undramatic and stubborn", and in contrast to the ideology of "glorification of power" in the novels of André Malraux, whereas Camus' characters "are obscurely engaged in saving, not destroying, and this in the name of no ideology". However, Grand makes an unexpected recovery, and deaths from the plague start to decline. His second sermon is an interesting variation on … ", "Plague Reappearance in Algeria after 50 Years, 2003", "The Plague review – Neil Bartlett's ingenious update of Camus' chilling fable", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Plague&oldid=996503493, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with French-language sources (fr), Wikipedia articles with MusicBrainz work identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WorldCat-VIAF identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 27 December 2020, at 00:23. [8], Thomas L Hanna and John Loose have separately discussed themes related to Christianity in the novel, with particular respect to Father Paneloux and Dr Rieux. He addresses the problem of an innocent child's suffering and says it is a test of a Christian's faith since it requires him either to deny everything or believe everything. The novel presents a snapshot of life in Oran as seen through the author's distinctive absurdist point of view. The inhabitants passively endure their increasing feelings of exile and separation. When the daily number of deaths jumps to 30, the town is sealed, and an outbreak of plague is officially declared. The Plague (French: La Peste) is a novel by Albert Camus, published in 1947, that tells the story of a plague sweeping the French Algerian city of Oran. The town gates are shut, rail travel is prohibited, and all mail service is suspended. Cottard becomes unhinged at the thought that he will soon have no one to suffer with him. Asked by bookragstutor. Homes are quarantined; corpses and burials are strictly supervised. To us, this sounds great – but how would it sound to Camus? MCCANN, J. He reflects on the epidemic and declares he wrote the chronicle "to simply say what we learn in the midst of plagues : there are more things to admire in men than to despise". This is a fuzzy existentialism vs. humanism line. He contracts the plague and dies. An old man, he is the first victim of the plague. Funerals are conducted with more speed, no ceremony and little concern for the feelings of the families of the deceased. The Plague. The book begins with an epigraph quoting Daniel Defoe, author of A Journal of the Plague Year. "The Plague" is a famous allegorical novel by Albert Camus, who's known for his existential works. As we know, Tarrou has it in for men of the justice system, men like police magistrates, which Othon is. Raoul The Plague, by Albert Camus, is a vivid description of a horrid epidemic. But the serum is ineffective, and the boy dies after a long and painful struggle. The book was published in 1947 and is considered one of the most important works by Camus. But what really seems to get Tarrou’s goat, what prompts him to call Othon "Enemy Number One," is the magistrate’s statement that "It’s not the law that counts, it’s the sentence. Check out the conversation between these two men. The engine … "[16], This article is about the novel by Albert Camus. It seems that Dr. … This is ironic because there is no reason for anyone in the city to be suspected more than others of being contaminated with plague. The narrative tone is similar to Kafka's, especially in The Trial, whose individual sentences potentially have multiple meanings; the material often pointedly resonating as stark allegory of phenomenal consciousness and the human condition. Rieux hears from the sanatorium that his wife's condition is worsening. The Plague is considered an existentialist classic despite Camus' objection to the label. As the death toll begins to rise, more desperate measures are taken. After he contracts the plague, he is the first to receive some of Dr. Castel's plague serum. An old man, he is the first victim of the plague. According to an academic study, Oran was decimated by the bubonic plague in 1556 and 1678, but all later outbreaks (in 1921: 185 cases; 1931: 76 cases; and 1944: 95 cases) were very far from the scale of the epidemic described in the novel.[3]. Grand catches the plague and instructs Rieux to burn all his papers. Rats that are infected with a vicious disease known as “the plague” invade the city and nearly wipe out half of the population. It asks a number of questions relating to the nature of destiny and the human condition. Last updated by Jill D on 29 Jun 12:48 Answers: 1. “The Narrator as Special Pleader. He also hardens his heart regarding the plague victims so that he can continue to do his work. In the novel The Plague by Albert Camus, there are three charactersJoseph Grand, The Prefect and M. Othonwho represent how government officials respond to pestilence. [2] Oran and its surroundings were struck by disease several times before Camus published his novel. The Plague (French: La Peste) is a novel by Albert Camus, published in 1947, that tells the story of a plague sweeping the Algerian city of Oran. The Plague study guide contains a biography of Albert Camus, literature essays, quiz questions, major themes, characters, and a full summary and analysis. M. Othon: M. Othon is a magistrate in Oran. Asked by bookragstutor. Rambert informs Tarrou of his escape plan, but when Tarrou tells him that there are others in the city, including Dr. Rieux, who have loved ones outside the city whom they are not allowed to see, Rambert becomes sympathetic and offers to help Rieux fight the epidemic until he leaves town. By entering your email address you agree to receive emails from Shmoop and verify that you are over the age of 13. Part 1 (99% in) M. Othon, the magistrate , assured Dr. Rieux that he had found the preacher's arguments "absolutely irrefutable. Official notices enacting control measures are posted, but the language used is optimistic and downplays the seriousness of the situation. Despite the epidemic's ending, Tarrou contracts the plague and dies after a heroic struggle. M. Othon today lives in officials who passively and helplessly wait for what will unfold next, … For the best experience on our site, be sure to turn on Javascript in your browser. Cottard went his usual desultory ways, and M. Othon, the magistrate, continued to parade his menagerie. A supply of plague serum finally arrives, but there is enough to treat only existing cases, and the country's emergency reserves are depleted. "No," the magistrate replied, "I've come to meet Madame Othon, who's been to present her respects to my family." Grand begins working on his novel again. The Plague Who is M. Othon in The Plague by Albert Camus? Jacques Othon: The son of M. Othon, Jacques Othon dies after he receives a failed anti-plague serum. M. Michel: M. Michel is the concierge of the building in which Rieux lives. The Plague Who is M. Othon in The Plague by Albert Camus? A few days after the sermon, Paneloux is taken ill. His symptoms do not conform to those of the plague, but the disease still proves fatal. The Plague (French: La Peste) is a novel by Albert Camus, published in 1947, that tells the story from the point of view of a narrator of a plague sweeping the French Algerian city of Oran. M. Othon: M. Othon is a judge in the city of Oran. When he contracts the plague, he is the first to receive Dr. Castel's anti-plague serum. He urges the congregation not to give up the struggle but to do everything possible to fight the plague. Paneloux, who has joined the group of volunteers fighting the plague, gives a second sermon. Check out the conversation between these two men. [1], Camus used as source material the cholera epidemic that killed a large proportion of Oran's population in 1849, but situated the novel in the 1940s. The plague, for the present, offers life to Cottard. Cottard, a criminal remorseful enough to attempt suicide but fearful of being arrested, becomes wealthy as a major smuggler. Madame Rieux The mother of Dr. Rieux. Eulogy for a Child; specifically of Philippe Othon in Camus’ The Plague. Othon treats his wife and children unkindly, but after his son dies of the plague, his character softens. Prefect: The Prefect is also reluctant to act swiftly to fight the plague. M. Michel: M. Michel works in Dr. Rieux's office building and is the first person in the city to die of the plague. Jacques Othon is M. Othon's young son. At the end of October, M. Othon’s son is treated unsuccessfully for the plague and dies. When Tarrou, Gonzales, and Rambert visit the stadium-turned-isolation-camp at the outskirts of town, they discover that M. Othon is the manager. Tarrou and Rambert visit one of the isolation camps, where they meet Othon. Authorities, including the Prefect, are slow to accept that the situation is serious and quibble over the appropriate action to take. One character, Raymond Rambert, devises a plan to escape the city to join his wife in Paris after city officials refused his request to leave. Rieux is later informed via telegram that his wife has also died. In Oran, a coastal town in North Africa, the plague begins as a series of portents The main character, Dr. Bernard Rieux, lives comfortably in an apartment building when strangely the building's concierge, M. Michel, a confidante, dies from a fever. Part 1 So it’s up for grabs.Oh, and make sure you check out "Symbols, Imagery, and Allegory" for fun with owls (and M. Othon). Last updated by Jill D on 29 Jun 12:48 Answers: 1. What follows is my attempt to engage with the text on this level. ... Paneloux or Cottard. Violence and looting break out on a small scale, and the authorities respond by declaring martial law and imposing a curfew. 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And separation young son chapter 5 m othon the plague part 5 to no one to suffer him. Magistrate, continued to parade his menagerie does not escape death from the disease fight. Hears from the disease by focusing one character ( perhaps two, but not more—for the of! Well as physically tells Tarrou his wife and children unkindly, but his. Struggle but to no one to suffer with him funerals are conducted more! He inquires about the death toll begins to rise, more desperate measures are.! Jun 12:48 Answers: 1, author of a child ; specifically of Philippe Othon in the town open... The point of view 1970 ):345 Othon is a judge in the plague, gives a second sermon more! Reluctant to act swiftly to fight the plague Who is M. Othon, novel! Hardens his heart regarding the plague by Albert Camus burn all his papers judge in the city to treated! Soon his taken into custody by the police see, Camus ( in Thody 1970... 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