Because of its use as a solid propellent and more generally in pyrotechnic systems, the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate (AP) has been extensively studied. Measurements of the sublimation rate have therefore been made over a wide temperature range and kinetic parameters both for … The obtained CuO/PbO NMOs were system-atically characterized. Thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate. The thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate in the presence of potassium chloride and chromium (III) oxide was investigated using K 36 Cl and 51 Cr 2 O 3 to elucidate the reaction mechanism. Ammonium perchlorate ("AP") is an inorganic compound with the formula NH 4 ClO 4. For reproduction of material from NJC: Reproduced from Ref. Good recovery of N and Cl was achieved. It is a powerful oxidizer. The effect of atmosphere composition on the rate of decomposition was studied. The decomposition of ammonium perchlorate and ammonium perchlorate-copper chromite mixtures has been studied in the temperature range from 250°C to 325°C. Combined with a fuel, it can be used as a rocket propellant. As a result, on the condition of 5 wt% TCN/CuO, the high decomposition temperature of AP was decreased by 120.6 °C, which is much lower than that of UCN, TCN, CuO and UCN/CuO. Journal of Energetic Materials: Vol. Fengqi Zhao. Copyright © 1968 Published by Elsevier Inc. https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-2180(68)90054-0. • Thermal decomposition temperature decreases by more than 100 °C. The thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate has been studied by measuring either the loss in weight, or the pressure increase in a closed system, as functions of time. Cr(OH)(3) nanoparticle preparation procedure and its catalytic effect and mechanism on thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate (AP) were investigated using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and thermogravimetric analysis and … The thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate shows several unusual characteristics. The breakdown of … Supporting Information. This review represents an attempt to summarize literature data on thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate. The effects of fullerenes, including fellerene soot (FS), extracted fullerene soot (EFS) and pure C60 on the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate (AP) compared with traditional carbon black (CB) catalyst has been studied by employing thermogravimetry (TG), differential thermal analysis (DTA), infrared spectroscopy (IR) and ignition temperature experiments. Copper stearate/ammonium perchlorate (CS/AP) shell–core composite was prepared by in situ synthesis and characterized to sample by SEM and EDS, it shows that CS is evenly dispersed on the surface of AP and forms a shell–core structure. The reaction mechanism proposed for the uncatalysed decomposition involves the adsorbed dissociation products NH3 and HClO4, self-protonation of HClO4 to yield the intermediate ClO3+, and oxidation of NH3 by ClO3+. TGA curves obtained under both isothermal and nonisothermal conditions show a characteristic slowdown at the extents of conversion, α = 0.30−0.35. Nanoparticles of Transition Metals as Accelerants in the Thermal Decomposition of Ammonium Perchlorate, Part 62. By continuing you agree to the use of cookies. Regimes of non-explosive mechanoactivation of ammonium perchlorate are found. (2013). Energetic additives can effectively increase the heat release of ammonium perchlorate (AP) decomposition to prevent nonenergetic additives from decreasing the energy density of composite solid propellants. The effect of atmosphere composition on the rate of decomposition was studied. The catalytic effect of the NGO for the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate (AP) was investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Present address: Avco-Everett Research Laboratory, Everett, Mass. Field emission scanning electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetry analysis techniques were used to evaluate the coating quality and thermal … Abstract The catalytic effect of copper tungsten oxide (CuWO4) was investigated on the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate (AP) using differential scanning calorimetry. • … Copyright © 2021 Elsevier B.V. or its licensors or contributors. The products of decomposition were identified and the yield of each was established. 165-177. E-mail address: zhangm3210@163.com. The thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate 2NH 4 ClO 4 N 2 + Cl 2 + 2O 2 + 4H 2 O [ Check the balance ] The thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate to produce nitrogen, chlorine, oxygen and … Ammonium perchlorate (AP) is the universal oxidiser in use for all the solid rocket propellant motors used for space exploration due to its high available oxygen content and thermal decomposition without any solid residue. Furthermore, the catalytic effect of the obtained samples on the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate (AP) was examined by thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). g –1 for AP‐CuO‐S, AP‐CuO‐N, and AP‐CuO‐Cl, respectively. The reaction mechanism proposed for the catalysed decomposition involves the formation of the free radicals NH4 and ClO4, decomposition of the radicals to NH3 and chlorine oxides, and subsequent oxidation of NH3. Copyright © 2021 Elsevier B.V. or its licensors or contributors. The reaction mechanism … Variations in lattice configuration of AP change … Analysis of the former measurements is complicated by concurrent sublimation of the salt. X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray energy-dispersive spectrometry (EDS) and X-ray photoelectron spectros-copy (XPS) analyses showed that the characteristic peaks of CuO/ PbO NMOs were almost the superposition of nano CuO and nano PbO, while few new weak … Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analyses were employed to investigate the decomposition kinetics and thermodynamics of the … The methods of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimettry (DSC) have been used to study the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate (AP). 31, No. Catalytic Activity of Ferrates (NiFe 2 O 4, ZnFe 2 O 4 and CoFe 2 O 4) on the Thermal Decomposition of Ammonium Perchlorate Ming Zhang. In this study, copper stearate (CS) was investigated as a potential catalyst for the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate (AP). Search for more papers by this author. Thermal Decomposition of Ammonium Perchlorate containing a polymeric additive Thermal Decomposition of Ammonium Perchlorate containing a polymeric additive Thomas, T. J.; Nandi, U. S. 1978-10-01 00:00:00 T. J. Thomas* and U. S. Nandi Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore - 560 012 (India) Thermische Zerseaung von … XX with permission from the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) and The Royal Society of Chemistry. However, the catalytic mechanism is still controversial and the role of surface lattice oxygen is always ignored. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tca.2005.11.038. Good recovery of N and Cl was achieved. Science and Technology on Combustion and Explosion Laboratory, Xi'an Modern Chemistry Research Institute, Xi'an, 710065 P. R. China . In this research, the catalytic effects of nano-Co3O4 with diverse average particle sizes and specific surface area on thermal decomposition property of ammonium perchlorate (AP) particles were investigated. Experimental results indicated that 1 possesses potential application prospects in the field of explosives and propellants. Thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate. Comparison of combustion behaviors of ammonium chlorate and perchlorate. effect and mechanism on thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate (AP) were investigated using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and thermogravimetric analysis and mass Its instability has involved it in a number of accidents, such as the PEPCON disaster. The reaction mechanism … Thermal analysis demonstrated that the thermostability of 1 was up to 325 °C. The inclusion of reactive species in AP directly affect the viscoelastic and ballistic properties of the propellant. ScienceDirect ® is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. ScienceDirect ® is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. In addition, 1 was explored as combustion promoter to accelerate the thermal decompositions of ammonium perchlorate (AP) by differential scanning calorimetry. The thermal decomposition properties and the heat of combustion (ΔH) of samples with different ammonium perchlorate (AP)/double base propellant (DB) mass ratios under argon atmosphere were studied by the thermogravimetry–differential scanning calorimetry–mass spectrometry–Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (TG–DSC–MS–FTIR) and automatic calorimeter method. ZnO nanocrystals as catalysts have been widely employed in the catalytic thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate (AP). We use cookies to help provide and enhance our service and tailor content and ads. Two simultaneous routes are suggested for the decomposition. By continuing you agree to the use of cookies. ScienceDirect ® is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. ScienceDirect ® is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. Furthermore, CuO NPs were found to reduce the activation energy of AP decomposition. The mechanism of thermal decomposition and various factors which influence on the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate are discussed. The most striking of these is that at low temperatures it decomposes only to the extent of about 20 to 30 %, leaving a residue which is chemically identical with the original salt. The heat effect of decomposition reaction of solid NH4ClO3to oxygen, gaseous water, and HCl (or chlorine) averages 42.5-49 kcal/mole or 419-482 cal/g depending on product composition. ZnO and ZnS … The products of decomposition were identified and the yield of each was established. The mechanism of thermal decomposition and various factors which influence on the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate are discussed. This review represents an attempt to summarize literature data on thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate. It is a colorless or white solid that is soluble in water. catalyst to catalyze the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate (AP). As an energetic accelerator for thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate (AP) and ammonium nitrate (AN), 10% nano TAGN blended with AP and AN, and samples “[90% AP + 10% (nano TAGN)]” and “[90% AN + 10% (nano TAGN)]” were obtained, respectively. A … Despite much research on various aspects of the thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate (see[1 7] and references therein), key aspects of the mechanism of the process remain controversial. However, the roles of energetic additives are unclear due to their complex changes in the decomposition process. Herein, a classical catalytic mechanism based on the surface lattice oxygen was proposed to reveal AP decomposition promoted by ZnO nanosheets. The effect of atmosphere composition on the rate of decomposition was studied. Corresponding Author. As an energetic accelerator for thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate (AP) and ammonium nitrate (AN), 10% nano TAGN blended with AP and AN, and samples “[90% AP + 10% (nano TAGN)]” and “[90% AN + 10% (nano TAGN)]” were obtained, respectively. 3, pp. The products of decomposition were identified and the yield of each was established. The decomposition of ammonium perchlorate and ammonium perchlorate-copper chromite mixtures has been studied in the temperature range from 250°C to 325°C. One of these is the formation of a porous product upon low-temperature thermal decom-position of the orthorhombic phase. Adding 10% of NGO to AP decreases the decomposition temperature by 106 °C and increases the … Good recovery of N and Cl was achieved. Production. Copyright © 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. We use cookies to help provide and enhance our service and tailor content and ads. The decomposition of ammonium perchlorate and ammonium perchlorate-copper chromite mixtures has been studied in the temperature range from 250°C to 325°C. And the yield of each was established a number of accidents, such as the PEPCON disaster Elsevier sciencedirect... Pepcon disaster of decomposition were identified and the role of surface lattice oxygen proposed. The products of decomposition were identified and the yield of each was.... And the role of surface lattice oxygen was proposed to reveal AP decomposition were. Composition on the rate of decomposition were identified and the role of surface lattice oxygen always. And ballistic properties of the propellant https: //doi.org/10.1016/0010-2180 ( 68 ).... Decomposition of ammonium chlorate and perchlorate thermal decomposition of ammonium perchlorate mechanoactivation of perchlorate! 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